Document Type

Journal Article

Publisher

John Wiley and Sons, Ltd

School

Centre for Marine Ecosystems Research / School of Science

RAS ID

26026

Funders

Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences PhD studentship

Marie Curie Career Integration Grant. Grant Number: PCIG10-GA-2011-303685

Aberystwyth University Research Fund. Grant Number: 1211Z-01

Natural Environment Research Council of the UK. Grant Number: NE/K008439/1

Comments

King, N. G., Wilcockson, D. C., Webster, R., Smale, D. A., Hoelters, L. S., & Moore, P. J. (2018). Cumulative stress restricts niche filling potential of habitat‐forming kelps in a future climate. Functional Ecology, 32(2), 288-299.

https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12977

Abstract

Climate change is driving range contractions and local population extinctions across the globe. When this affects ecosystem engineers the vacant niches left behind are likely to alter the wider ecosystem unless a similar species can fulfil them.
Here, we explore the stress physiology of two coexisting kelps undergoing opposing range shifts in the Northeast Atlantic and discuss what differences in stress physiology may mean for future niche filling.
We used chlorophyll florescence (Fv/Fm) and differentiation of the heat shock response (HSR) to determine the capacity of the expanding kelp, Laminaria ochroleuca, to move into the higher shore position of the retreating kelp, Laminaria digitata. We applied both single and consecutive exposures to immersed and emersed high and low temperature treatments, replicating low tide exposures experienced in summer and winter.
No interspecific differences in HSR were observed which was surprising given the species’ different biogeographic distributions. However, chlorophyll florescence revealed clear differences between species with L. ochroleuca better equipped to tolerate high immersed temperatures but showed little capacity to tolerate frosts or high emersion temperatures.
Many patterns observed were only apparent after consecutive exposures. Such cumulative effects have largely been overlooked in tolerance experiments on intertidal organisms despite being more representative of the stress experienced in natural habitats. We therefore suggest future experiments incorporate consecutive stress into their design.
Climate change is predicted to result in fewer ground frosts and increased summer temperatures. Therefore, L. ochroleuca may be released from its summer cold limit in winter but still be prevented from moving up the shore due to desiccation in the summer. Laminaria ochroleuca will, however, likely be able to move into tidal pools. Therefore, only partial niche filling by L. ochroleuca will be possible in this system as climate change advances.

DOI

10.1111/1365-2435.12977

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

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