Document Type
Journal Article
Publisher
MDPI
School
School of Business and Law
RAS ID
22347
Funders
Australian Research Council
National Science Council, Taiwan
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Abstract
This paper features an analysis of the effectiveness of a range of portfolio diversification strategies, with a focus on down-side risk metrics, as a portfolio diversification strategy in a European market context. We apply these measures to a set of daily arithmetically-compounded returns, in U.S. dollar terms, on a set of ten market indices representing the major European markets for a nine-year period from the beginning of 2005 to the end of 2013. The sample period, which incorporates the periods of both the Global Financial Crisis (GFC) and the subsequent European Debt Crisis (EDC), is a challenging one for the application of portfolio investment strategies. The analysis is undertaken via the examination of multiple investment strategies and a variety of hold-out periods and backtests. We commence by using four two-year estimation periods and a subsequent one-year investment hold out period, to analyse a naive 1/N diversification strategy and to contrast its effectiveness with Markowitz mean variance analysis with positive weights. Markowitz optimisation is then compared to various down-side investment optimisation strategies. We begin by comparing Markowitz with CVaR, and then proceed to evaluate the relative effectiveness of Markowitz with various draw-down strategies, utilising a series of backtests. Our results suggest that none of the more sophisticated optimisation strategies appear to dominate naive diversification.
DOI
10.3390/jrfm9020006
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
Allen, D. E., McAleer, M., Powell, R. J., & Singh, A. K. (2016). Down-side risk metrics as portfolio diversification strategies across the global financial crisis. Journal of Risk and Financial Management, 9(2), 6.
https://doi.org/10.3390/jrfm9020006