Author Identifier
Lauren Blekkenhorst
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1561-9052
Jonathan M. Hodgson
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6184-7764
Nicola P. Bondonno
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Nutrients
Volume
15
Issue
3
Publisher
MDPI
School
School of Medical and Health Sciences / Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute
RAS ID
56478
Funders
Commonwealth of Australia Government (Preventative Health Policy Section, Department of Health)
Government of Western Australia (Office of Science, Department of Health)
City of Busselton / Busselton Population Medical Research Institute
National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia Emerging Leadership Investigator Grant (ID: 1172987)
National Heart Foundation of Australia Post-Doctoral Research Fellowship (ID: 102498)
National Heart Foundation Future Leader Fellowship (ID: 102817)
Grant Number
NHMRC Number : 1172987
Abstract
The assessment of dietary patterns comprehensively represents the totality of the diet, an important risk factor for many chronic diseases. This study aimed to characterise and compare four dietary pattern indices in middle-aged Australian adults. In 3458 participants (55 % female) from the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study (Phase Two), a validated food frequency questionnaire was used to capture dietary data between 2016 and 2022. Four dietary patterns [Australian Dietary Guideline Index 2013 (DGI-2013); the Mediterranean Diet Index (MedDiet); the Literature-based Mediterranean Diet Index (Lit-MedDiet); and the EAT-Lancet Index], were calculated and compared by measuring total and sub-component scores, and concordance (ρc). Cross-sectional associations between the dietary indices and demographic, lifestyle, and medical conditions were modelled with linear regression and restricted cubic splines. Participants had the highest standardised scores for the DGI-2013 followed by the EAT-Lancet Index and the MedDiet, with the lowest standardised scores observed for the Lit-MedDiet. The DGI-2013 had the lowest agreement with the other scores (ρc ≤ 0.47). These findings indicate that the diets included in this Australian cohort align more closely with the Australian Dietary Guidelines than with the other international dietary patterns, likely due to the wide variation of individual food group weightings in the construction of these indices.
DOI
10.3390/nu15030659
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
McDowell, S. R., Murray, K., Hunter, M., Blekkenhorst, L. C., Lewis, J. R., Hodgson, J. M., & Bondonno, N. P. (2023). Comparison of four dietary pattern indices in Australian baby boomers: Findings from the Busselton Healthy Ageing Study. Nutrients, 15(3), 659. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15030659