Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
BMC Medicine
Volume
21
Issue
1
PubMed ID
36691001
Publisher
Springer
School
Centre for Precision Health
RAS ID
53119
Funders
Kailuan General Hospital internal grant / National Natural Science Foundation of China [grant number 81870312] / Department of Science and Technology of Shantou [grant numbers 200114155897353, 200114175898086]
Abstract
Background: Concurrent atherogenic dyslipidemia and elevated inflammation are commonly observed in overt hyperglycemia and have long been proposed to contribute to diabetogenesis. However, the temporal relationship between them and the effect of their cumulative co-exposure on future incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains unclear. Methods: Longitudinal analysis of data on 52,224 participants from a real-world, prospective cohort study (Kailuan Study) was performed to address the temporal relationship between high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP, calculated as triglyceride/high-density lipoprotein) in an approximately 4-year exposure period (2006/2007 to 2010/2011). After excluding 8824 participants with known diabetes, 43,360 nondiabetic participants were included for further analysis of the T2D outcome. Cox regression models were used to examine the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) upon the cumulative hsCRP (CumCRP) and AIP (CumAIP) in the exposure period. Results: In temporal analysis, the adjusted standardized correlation coefficient (β1) of hsCRP_2006/2007 and AIP_2010/2011 was 0.0740 (95 % CI, 0.0659 to 0.0820; P < 0.001), whereas the standardized correlation coefficient (β2) of AIP_2006/2007 and hsCRP_2010/2011 was − 0.0293 (95 % CI, − 0.0385 to − 0.0201; P < 0.001), which was significantly less than β1 (P < 0.001). During a median follow-up of 7.9 years, 5,118 T2D cases occurred. Isolated exposure to CumAIP or CumCRP was dose-dependently associated with T2D risks, independent of traditional risk factors. Significant interactions were observed between the median CumAIP ( − 0.0701) and CumCRP thresholds (1, 3 mg/L) (P = 0.0308). Compared to CumAIP < − 0.0701 and CumCRP < 1 mg/L, those in the same CumAIP stratum but with increasing CumCRP levels had an approximately 1.5-fold higher T2D risk; those in higher CumAIP stratum had significantly higher aHRs (95 % CIs): 1.64 (1.45 – 1.86), 1.87 (1.68 – 2.09), and 2.04 (1.81 – 2.30), respectively, in the CumCRP < 1, 1 ≤ CumCRP < 3, CumCRP ≥ 3 mg/L strata. Additionally, the T2D risks in the co-exposure were more prominent in nonhypertensive, nondyslipidemic, nonprediabetic, or female participants. Conclusions: These findings suggest a stronger association between elevated hsCRP and future AIP changes than vice versa and highlight the urgent need for combined assessment and management of chronic inflammation and atherogenic dyslipidemia in primary prevention, particularly for those with subclinical risks of T2D.
DOI
10.1186/s12916-023-02729-6
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
Lan, Y., Chen, G., Wu, D., Ding, X., Huang, Z., Wang, X., ... & Chen, Y. (2023). Temporal relationship between atherogenic dyslipidemia and inflammation and their joint cumulative effect on type 2 diabetes onset: a longitudinal cohort study. BMC Medicine, 21, Article 31. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-023-02729-6