Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Cancer
Volume
129
Issue
23
First Page
3697
Last Page
3712
PubMed ID
37788151
Publisher
Wiley
School
School of Medical and Health Sciences / Exercise Medicine Research Institute
RAS ID
60696
Funders
National Health and Medical Research Council / Open access publishing facilitated by Edith Cowan University, as part of the Wiley ‐ Edith Cowan University agreement via the Council of Australian University Librarians
Abstract
Background: Obesity has been recognized as a risk factor in the development and recurrence of breast cancer and is also associated with poor prognostic outcomes. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aimed to identify the most effective exercise, physical activity, and dietary interventions to reduce fat mass, body fat percentage and body weight as well as potentially increase lean mass in women diagnosed with or at high risk of breast cancer. Methods: A systematic search of databases was performed up to May 2022. Eligible randomized controlled trials examined the effects of exercise, physical activity and/or dietary interventions on fat mass and lean mass in women diagnosed with or at high risk of breast cancer. A random-effects network meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of different interventions across outcomes when sufficient studies were available. Results: Eighty-four studies (n = 6428) were included in this review. Caloric restriction and combined exercise + caloric restriction significantly reduced fat mass (range, –3.9 to –3.7 kg) and body weight (range, –5.3 to –4.7 kg), whereas physical activity + caloric restriction significantly reduced body fat percentage (–2.4%; 95% confidence interval [CI], –3.4% to –13%) and body mass index (–2.2 kg × m–2; 95% CI, –3.0 to –1.4 kg × m–2) in breast cancer patients. Resistance exercise was the most effective intervention to increase lean mass (0.7 kg; 95% CI, 0.5–1.0 kg) in breast cancer patients. Conclusion: Multimodal exercise and diet programs were the most effective interventions to reduce fat mass, body fat percentage, and body weight and increase and/or preserve lean mass.
DOI
10.1002/cncr.35043
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 4.0 License
Comments
Kudiarasu, C., Lopez, P., Galvão, D. A., Newton, R. U., Taaffe, D. R., Mansell, L., . . . Singh, F. (2023). What are the most effective exercise, physical activity and dietary interventions to improve body composition in women diagnosed with or at high-risk of breast cancer? A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Cancer, 129(23), 3697-3712. https://doi.org/10.1002/cncr.35043