Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports
Volume
34
Issue
2
PubMed ID
38339809
Publisher
Wiley
School
Exercise Medicine Research Institute
Funders
South-Eastern Norway Regional Health Authority / Bas Mulder Award / Alpe d’HuZes foundation / Dutch Cancer Society
Abstract
Introduction: The number of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the effects of exercise among cancer survivors has increased in recent years; however, participants dropping out of the trials are rarely described. The objective of the present study was to assess which combinations of participant and exercise program characteristics were associated with dropout from the exercise arms of RCTs among cancer survivors. Methods: This study used data collected in the Predicting OptimaL cAncer RehabIlitation and Supportive care (POLARIS) study, an international database of RCTs investigating the effects of exercise among cancer survivors. Thirty-four exercise trials, with a total of 2467 patients without metastatic disease randomized to an exercise arm were included. Harmonized studies included a pre and a posttest, and participants were classified as dropouts when missing all assessments at the post-intervention test. Subgroups were identified with a conditional inference tree. Results: Overall, 9.6% of the participants dropped out. Five subgroups were identified in the conditional inference tree based on four significant associations with dropout. Most dropout was observed for participants with BMI > 28.4 kg/m2, performing supervised resistance or unsupervised mixed exercise (19.8% dropout) or had low-medium education and performed aerobic or supervised mixed exercise (13.5%). The lowest dropout was found for participants with BMI > 28.4 kg/m2 and high education performing aerobic or supervised mixed exercise (5.1%), and participants with BMI ≤ 28.4 kg/m2 exercising during (5.2%) or post (9.5%) treatment. Conclusions: There are several systematic differences between cancer survivors completing and dropping out from exercise trials, possibly affecting the external validity of exercise effects.
DOI
10.1111/sms.14575
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
Western, B., Ivarsson, A., Vistad, I., Demmelmaier, I., Aaronson, N. K., Radcliffe, G., . . . Buffart, L. M. (2024). Dropout from exercise trials among cancer survivors—an individual patient data meta-analysis from the POLARIS study. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 34(2), article e14575. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14575