Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Title

European Journal of Sport Science

Volume

24

Issue

5

First Page

614

Last Page

622

Publisher

Wiley

School

School of Medical and Health Sciences

RAS ID

69867

Funders

Defence Science Center WA / Edith Cowan University / Australian Defence Force

Comments

Uphill, A., Kendall, K. L., Fogarty, A., Guppy, S., Brown, H., Zomer, T., . . . Haff, G. G. (2024). Validity of apple watch, garmin forerunner® 935 and GENEActiv for estimating energy expenditure during close quarter battle training in special forces soldiers. European Journal of Sport Science, 24(5), 614-622. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12080

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the validity of three wrist-worn devices for estimating energy expenditure (EE) and heart rate (HR) during close “Close Quarter Battle” (CQB). Fifty male soldiers (mean ± SD: age 30.9 ± 4.6 years, height: 1.81 ± 0.64 m and body mass 87.3 ± 7.7 kg) wore three activity monitors (Apple Watch 5, Garmin Forerunner® 935 and GENEActiv accelerometer), a Metamax 3B metabolic cart and a Polar chest strap, whilst conducting a CQB training activity (duration: 26.6 ± 5.0 min). EE and HR data from each test device were compared against criterion measures using ordinary least products regression, 95% limits of agreement, equivalence testing and Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Based upon the criterion measure the mean EE for the activity was 372.2 ± 57.6 kcal. All of the devices tested demonstrated fixed and/or proportional bias for EE and a MAPE of > 10% (Apple 11.3%, Garmin 15.3%, GENEActiv 57.7%) and therefore did not agree with the criterion. The Apple Watch was a valid method for measuring HR, with a MAPE of 0.6%, and differences with the criterion falling within acceptable limits ( ≤ 1 bpm = 83.7%; ≤ 3 bpm = 97.5% and ≤ 5 bpm = 97.5%), whereas the Garmin Forerunner® 935 was not valid for measuring HR due to an unacceptable difference compared to the criterion ( ≤ 1 bpm = 19.1%; ≤ 3 bpm = 33.3% and ≤ 5 bpm = 45.2%). Overall, the Apple Watch 5 can be recommended for measuring HR, but none of the devices are recommended for estimating EE, during CQB.

DOI

10.1002/ejsc.12080

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.

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