Abstract

System strength is both supplied and demanded in a power system during normal operations and in the presence of disturbances. This is characterised by stable voltage and frequency, supporting renewable generation such as wind and solar. Because the retirement of synchronous generators reduces system strength supply, and the connection of new inverter-based resource (IBR) generators increases demand, there is an urgent need for new sources of system strength. This paper provides an overview of the challenges brought about by grid modernisation. It highlights tangible solutions provided by synchronous condensers (SCs) to bolster grid strength, stability, and reliability while accommodating the rising influx of renewable energy sources (RESs). Furthermore, this paper examines the role of SCs in improving weak grids, voltage control, power quality, short-circuit levels, and inertia management. It introduces the role of innovative hybrid synchronous condenser (HSC) systems to boost grid reliability and resilience. It also elaborates on the optimisation strategies for SC sizing, placement, and control and outlines economic aspects of their deployment. The review also highlights future directions and challenges in SC technology, emphasising the need for ongoing research and development to enhance system design and operation.

RAS ID

70402

Document Type

Journal Article

Date of Publication

7-1-2024

Volume

17

Issue

13

School

School of Engineering

Creative Commons License

Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

Publisher

MDPI

Comments

Soleimani, H., Habibi, D., Ghahramani, M., & Aziz, A. (2024). Strengthening power systems for net zero: A review of the role of synchronous condensers and emerging challenges. Energies, 17(13), 3291. https://doi.org/10.3390/en17133291

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Link to publisher version (DOI)

10.3390/en17133291