Author Identifier
Liang Wang: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5339-7484
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Advanced Intelligent Systems
Publisher
Wiley
School
Centre for Precision Health / School of Medical and Health Sciences
Funders
Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation (2022A1515220023) / Research Foundation for Advanced Talents of Guandong Provincial People’s Hospital (KY012023293)
Abstract
In this study, it is aimed to establish a novel method based on a deep-learning-guided surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) technique to achieve rapid and accurate classification of vaginal cleanliness levels. We proposed a variational autoencoder (VAE) approach to enhance spectral quality, coupled with a deep learning algorithm long short-term memory (LSTM) neural network to analyze SERS spectra produced by vaginal secretions. The performance of various machine learning (ML) algorithms is assessed using multiple evaluation metrics. Finally, the reliability of the optimal model is tested using blind test data (N = 10/group for each cleanliness level). The data quality of the SERS fingerprints of four types of vaginal secretions is significantly improved after VAE decoding and reconstruction. The signal-to-noise ratio of the generated spectra increased from the original 2.58–11.13. Among all algorithms, the VAE–LSTM algorithm demonstrates the best prediction ability and time efficiency. Additionally, blind test datasets yielded an overall accuracy of 85%. In this study, it is concluded that the deep-learning-guided SERS technique holds significant potential in rapidly distinguishing between different levels of vaginal cleanliness through human vaginal secretion samples. This contributes to the efficient diagnosis of vaginal cleanliness levels in clinical settings.
DOI
10.1002/aisy.202400587
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
Tang, J. W., Wen, X. R., Chen, H. M., Chen, J., Hong, K. H., Yuan, Q., ... & Wang, L. (2024). Classification of vaginal cleanliness grades through surface‐enhanced raman spectral analysis via the deep‐learning variational autoencoder–Long short‐term memory model. Advanced Intelligent Systems. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/aisy.202400587