Artificial regulation of gradient heterostructures in CoCrNi multicomponent alloys via electron beam surface melting

Author Identifier

Laichang Zhang: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0661-2051

Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Title

Vacuum

Volume

236

Publisher

Elsevier

School

Centre for Advanced Materials and Manufacturing / School of Engineering

Funders

Opening Foundation of Shanxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Metal Materials for Special Environments (AMMSE-2023-001) / National Natural Science Foundation of China (52471138) / Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province (ZR2023ME216)

Comments

Zhang, J., Si, D., Cui, Z., Zhao, W., Wang, X., Liang, Z., ... & Zhang, L. (2025). Artificial regulation of gradient heterostructures in CoCrNi multicomponent alloys via electron beam surface melting. Vacuum, 236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114172

Abstract

Gradient heterostructure design effectively balances strength and ductility, yet its precise control remains challenging. By applying electron beam surface melting (EBSM) to a cold-rolled CoCrNi multicomponent alloy, three distinct microstructural zones, i.e., coarse columnar grains, fine equiaxed grains, and deformed structures, are artificially regulated. The hardness varies continuously from the surface to the center, and the EBSM-treated sample achieves an optimal balance between strength and ductility under controlled conditions. The underlying strengthening mechanisms can be attributed to the rule of mixtures and hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening. This work provides valuable insights into the artificial regulation of gradient heterostructures for high-performance alloys.

DOI

10.1016/j.vacuum.2025.114172

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