Author Identifier
Shane L. Rogers: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6869-3400
Brennen Mills: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7409-7007
Ross Hollett: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7146-3879
Travis Cruickshank: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8673-191X
Kazunori Nosaka: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7373-4994
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Behavioral Sciences
Volume
15
Issue
5
Publisher
MDPI
School
School of Arts and Humanities / School of Medical and Health Sciences
RAS ID
82303
Abstract
This study presents initial reliability and validity evidence for the Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES) as a measure of emotional well-being. Using ordinal confirmatory factor analysis across three cross-sectional samples, Australian university students (n = 1239), the general public (n = 5631), and school students from Australia and the UK (n = 767). A correlated two-factor structure was supported. In the university sample, the BEES demonstrated strong convergent validity with other well-being measures and was linked to the lowest levels of reported distress when completing the survey. Preliminary cut-offs for high emotional distress were developed via comparison with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10), identifying around 20% of females and 10% of males as highly distressed. The findings of this research indicate the BEES can be utilised as a simple, flexible, and low-burden measure of emotional well-being.
DOI
10.3390/bs15050643
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
Rogers, S. L., Brown, N., Goulding, M., Campbell, K., Mills, B., Hollett, R., Cruickshank, T., & Nosaka, K. (2025). Reliability and validity of the Brief Emotional Experience Scale (BEES) as a measure of emotional well-being. Behavioral Sciences, 15(5), 643. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs15050643