Author Identifier (ORCID)
Abstract
Background: Meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials have found that introducing eggs and peanuts earlier during infancy reduced egg and peanut allergy risk. Hence, infant feeding advice has dramatically changed from previous recommendations of avoidance to current recommendations of inclusion of common food allergens in infant diets. Objective: To compare the prevalence of IgE-mediated food allergies at 1 year of age between 2 cohorts, before and after infant feeding and allergy prevention guidelines changed. Methods: In cohort 1 (506 infants born 2006-2014), no infant feeding advice was provided to participants. In cohort 2 (566 infants born 2016-2022), when the infants were 6 months of age, all families were provided with updated infant feeding and allergy prevention guidelines. All infants had a first-degree relative with a history of allergic disease. At 1 year of age, infant food allergen sensitization and IgE-mediated food allergy were assessed. Results: Peanut, egg, and cow's milk were introduced earlier in cohort 2 than in cohort 1 (all P < .001). The combined prevalence of IgE-mediated peanut, egg, and/or cow's milk allergies was 4.1% in cohort 2 compared with 12.6% in cohort 1 (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 0.28, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.16-0.48, P < .001). Specifically, the prevalence of peanut allergy was 1.1% versus 5.8% (aOR: 0.24, 95% CI: 0.08-0.76, P = .015), egg allergy 2.8% versus 11.7% (aOR: 0.23, 95% CI: 0.12-0.45, P < .001), and cow's milk allergy 0.5% versus 2.4%, respectively (aOR: 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04-0.55, P = .005). Conclusion: Direct provision of updated food allergy prevention guidelines to families facilitated earlier introduction and reduced the prevalence of IgE-mediated peanut, egg, and cow's milk allergies.
Keywords
Allergy prevention, cow's milk, egg, food allergens, food sensitization, IgE-mediated food allergy, infant diet, peanut
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of Publication
1-1-2025
Volume
13
Issue
11
PubMed ID
40553938
Publication Title
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Publisher
Elsevier
School
Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute / School of Medical and Health Sciences / School of Science
Funding Information
he studies were supported by National Health and Medical Research Council project grants ID1002381, ID1046036, and ID1099480 and Telethon-Perth Children’s Hospital Research Fund grant. S. V. M. Walker was supported by an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship. D. J. Palmer was supported by the Kids Research Institute Australia Ascend Fellowship (2024) and Stan Perron Charitable Foundation Fellowship (2025). S. L. Prescott was supported by a fellowship from the Nova Institute for Health. Substantial in-kind support has been provided by the Kids Research Institute Australia and Joondalup Health Campus.
Funding received from the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC)
1002381, 1046036, 1099480
Grant Link
http://purl.org/au-research/grants/nhmrc/1002381
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License.
First Page
3077
Last Page
3083
Recommended Citation
Walker, S. V. M., D’Vaz, N., Pretorius, R. A., Lo, J., Christophersen, C., Prescott, S. L., & Palmer, D. J. (2025). Infant diet recommendations reduce IgE-mediated egg, peanut and cow’s milk allergies. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 13(11), 3077-3083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2025.06.012
Comments
Walker, S. V. M., D’Vaz, N., Pretorius, R. A., Lo, J., Christophersen, C., Prescott, S. L., & Palmer, D. J. (2025). Infant diet recommendations reduce IgE-mediated egg, peanut and cow’s milk allergies. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 13(11), 3077-3083. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2025.06.012