Construct validity, reliability and interpretability of the Turkish version of the TENDINopathy Severity Assessment – Achilles (TENDINS-A) questionnaire
Author Identifier (ORCID)
Myles C. Murphy: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6068-1096
Abstract
Background This study aimed to develop the Turkish version of TENDINS-A (TENDINS-A-TR) and evaluate its measurement properties. Materials and methods A total of 130 participants (n = 60 Achilles tendinopathy, 34.7 ± 11.7 years; n = 70 healthy, 27.8 ± 8.9 years) completed TENDINS-A-TR, Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment-Achilles (VISA-A), Foot and Ankle Outcome Score (FAOS), and Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS). Construct validity, discriminative validity (cut-off score, sensitivity, specificity), test-retest reliability, standard error of measurement (SEM), internal consistency, minimal detectable change (MDC), minimal important change (MIC) and ceiling/floor effects were assessed. Results TENDINS-A-TR showed strong correlations with VISA-A (r = -0.71, p < 0.001), FAOS subscales (rrange=-0.55 to −0.77, all p < 0.001), and NPRS (rrange=0.61–0.80, all p < 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.961 (95 %CI:0.934–0.988, p < 0.001) showing excellent accuracy with 0.817 sensitivity and 0.871 specificity at 18.5 cut-off score. Test-retest reliability was excellent (ICC=0.94, 95 %CI 0.90–0.97) with an excellent internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha=0.97). SEM and MDC were 5.92 and 16.4, respectively. MIC was 10.1, representing 26.4 % points of change in participants with Achilles tendinopathy. Lastly, there was no ceiling/floor effects. Conclusion Turkish version of TENDINS-A demonstrated strong validity, reliability and accuracy to evaluate pain, symptoms, and physical function in people with Achilles tendinopathy.
Keywords
Ankle, Cross-cultural adaptation, Patient reported outcome measure, Reliability, Validity
Document Type
Journal Article
Date of Publication
1-1-2026
Volume
32
Issue
4
PubMed ID
41318330
Publication Title
Foot and Ankle Surgery
Publisher
Elsevier
School
Nutrition and Health Innovation Research Institute / School of Medical and Health Sciences
Copyright
subscription content
First Page
388
Last Page
393
Comments
Tayfur, A., Özyurt, F., Büyükperdah, B. N., Genç, B. E., Rio, E. K., Murphy, M. C., & Tayfur, B. (2026). Construct validity, reliability and interpretability of the Turkish version of the TENDINopathy Severity Assessment – Achilles (TENDINS-A) questionnaire. Foot and Ankle Surgery, 32(4), 388-393. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2025.11.009