A novel CaO-based catalyst obtained from silver croaker (Plagioscion squamosissimus) stone for biodiesel synthesis: Waste valorization and process optimization
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Renewable Energy
Volume
172
First Page
1035
Last Page
1045
Publisher
Elsevier
School
School of Engineering
RAS ID
38762
Funders
Funding information : https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148121004493?via%3Dihub#cebib0010
Abstract
A new catalyst was synthesized from the South American Silver Croaker's stone − the Silver Croaker is a fish widely consumed in Brazil and the stone is a residue from the fish's head. The stone and the bio-based catalyst obtained from it were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, thermogravimetric analysis, surface area, and soluble alkalinity. It was confirmed that the stone is composed of aragonite (calcium carbonate) and the catalyst obtained by calcination of calcium oxide (CaO). The catalytic activity was evaluated by transesterification reactions. The process was optimized by surface response methodology based on Box – Behnken design. Methanol:oil molar ratio of 11.8, 5.33 wt% of catalyst, 175 min of reaction time, and 67.85 °C were identified as optimal conditions, reaching conversions close to 99% and ester content of 97.4%. The catalyst derived from silver croaker stone was reused 5 times while maintaining its high performance. Thus, a new application was given to this little-known waste, showing its potential as a catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel.
DOI
10.1016/j.renene.2021.03.093
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Comments
Takeno, M. L., Mendonça, I. M., Barros, S. D. S., de Sousa Maia, P. J., Pessoa Jr, W. A. G., Souza, M. P., ... de Freitas, F. A. (2021). A novel CaO-based catalyst obtained from silver croaker (Plagioscion squamosissimus) stone for biodiesel synthesis: Waste valorization and process optimization. Renewable Energy, 172, 1035-1045. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2021.03.093