Document Type

Journal Article

Publication Title

Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise

Publisher

Wolters Kluwer

School

School of Medical and Health Sciences / Institute for Nutrition Research

RAS ID

39720

Funders

YMCA Victoria

Ostelin and Omniblend Deakin University

Primary Growth Partnership grant Ministry of Primary Industries in New Zealand

Fonterra Co-operative Group Ltd.

Comments

This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Via, J. D., Owen, P. J., Daly, R. M., Mundell, N. L., Livingston, P. M., Rantalainen, T., . . . Fraser, S. F. (2021). Musculoskeletal responses to exercise plus nutrition in men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation: A 12-month RCT. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 53(10), 2054-2065. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002682

Via, J. D., Owen, P. J., Daly, R. M., Mundell, N. L., Livingston, P. M., Rantalainen, T., . . . Fraser, S. F. (2021). Musculoskeletal responses to exercise plus nutrition in men with prostate cancer on androgen deprivation: A 12-month RCT. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 53(10), 2054-2065.

https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000002682

https://cdn-tp2.mozu.com/16833-m1/cms/files/Author-Document.pdf?_mzts=636519775710000000

Abstract

Purpose:

Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer has multiple adverse effects on musculoskeletal health. This 12-month randomized controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of multicomponent exercise training combined with whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD), structure and strength, body composition, muscle strength, and physical function in ADT-treated men.

Methods:

Seventy ADT-treated men were randomized to exercise plus supplementation (Ex + Suppl; n = 34) or usual care (control; n = 36). Ex + Suppl involved thrice weekly progressive resistance training plus weight-bearing impact exercise with daily multinutrient supplementation. Primary outcomes were DXA hip and spine areal BMD. Secondary outcomes included the following: tibia and radius pQCT volumetric BMD, bone structure and strength, DXA body composition, pQCT muscle and fat cross-sectional area and muscle density, and muscle strength and physical function.

Results:

Sixty men (86%) completed the study. Mean exercise and supplement adherence were 56% and 77%, respectively. There were no effects of the intervention on bone or body composition outcomes. Ex + Suppl improved leg muscle strength (net difference, (95% confidence interval, or CI), 14.5% (−0.2 to 29.2); P = 0.007) and dynamic mobility (four-square-step test time, −9.3% (−17.3 to −1.3), P = 0.014) relative to controls. Per-protocol analysis of adherent participants ( ≥ 66% exercise, ≥ 80% supplement) showed Ex + Suppl preserved femoral neck aBMD (1.9% (0.1 to 3.8), P = 0.026) and improved total body lean mass (1.0 kg (−0.23 to 2.22), P = 0.044) relative to controls.

Conclusion:

Exercise training combined with multinutrient supplementation had a limited effect on ameliorating the adverse musculoskeletal consequences of ADT, likely related to the modest intervention adherence.

DOI

10.1249/MSS.0000000000002682

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