Longitudinal change in CSF biomarkers in autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease
Authors
Anne M. Fagan
Chengjie Xiong
Mateusz S. Jasielec
Randall J. Bateman
Alison M. Goate
Tammie L. Benzinger
Bernardino Ghetti
Ralph N. Martins, Edith Cowan UniversityFollow
Colin L. Masters
Richard Mayeux
John M. Ringman
Martin N. Rossor
Stephen Salloway
Peter R. Schofield
Reisa A. Sperling
Daniel Marcus
Nigel J. Cairns
Virginia D. Buckles
Jack H. Ladenson
John C. Morris
David M. Holtzman
Document Type
Journal Article
Publisher
American Association for the Advancement of Science
Faculty
Faculty of Health, Engineering and Science
School
School of Medical Sciences
RAS ID
18798
Abstract
Clinicopathological evidence suggests that the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) begins many years before the appearance of cognitive symptoms. Biomarkers are required to identify affected individuals during this asymptomatic ("preclinical") stage to permit intervention with potential disease-modifying therapies designed to preserve normal brain function. Studies of families with autosomal-dominant AD (ADAD) mutations provide a unique and powerful means to investigate AD biomarker changes during the asymptomatic period. In this biomarker study, we collected cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), plasma, and in vivo amyloid imaging cross-sectional data at baseline in individuals from ADAD families enrolled in the Dominantly Inherited Alzheimer Network. Our study revealed reduced concentrations of CSF amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ1-42) associated with the presence of Aβ plaques, and elevated concentrations of CSF tau, ptau 181 (phosphorylated tau181), and VILIP-1 (visinin-like protein-1), markers of neurofibrillary tangles and neuronal injury/death, in asymptomatic mutation carriers 10 to 20 years before their estimated age at symptom onset (EAO) and before the detection of cognitive deficits. When compared longitudinally, however, the concentrations of CSF biomarkers of neuronal injury/death within individuals decreased after their EAO, suggesting a slowing of acute neurodegenerative processes with symptomatic disease progression. These results emphasize the importance of longitudinal, within-person assessment when modeling biomarker trajectories across the course of the disease. If corroborated, this pattern may influence the definition of a positive neurodegenerative biomarker outcome in clinical trials.
DOI
10.1126/scitranslmed.3007901
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Comments
Fagan A.M., Xiong C., Jasielec M.S., Bateman R.J., Goate A.M., Benzinger T.L.S., Ghetti B., Martins R.N., Masters C.L., Mayeux R., Ringman J.M., Rossor M.N., Salloway S., Schofield P.R., Sperling R.A., Marcus D., Cairns N.J., Buckles V.D., Ladenson J.H., Morris J.C., Holtzman D.M. (2014). Longitudinal change in CSF biomarkers in autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease. Science Translational Medicine, 6(226) p.226ra30-226ra30. Available here