The inter-tester reliability of the squeeze and bent-knee-fall-out tests in elite academy football players

Abstract

Objectives

To evaluate the inter-tester reliability of two common tests for assessing hip and groin injuries, using a protocol closely reflecting normal clinical conditions.

Design

Same-session, single-trial, inter-tester reliability study.

Setting

Elite European football academy.

Participants

Two testers and fifty-eight football players aged 14–21 years.

Main outcome measures

Inter-tester reliability of the squeeze (in approximately 45° hip flexion) and bent-knee-fall-out (BKFO) tests, evaluated with intraclass correlation coefficients (two-way mixed, single measure) and minimal detectable change.

Results

Both tests demonstrated excellent inter-tester reliability. The intraclass correlation coefficients were 0.92 (95% CI: 0.87–0.95) for the squeeze test, 0.91 (95% CI: 0.67–0.96) for the BKFO test on the right side and 0.92 (95% CI 0.87–0.95) for BKFO on the left side. The minimal detectable changes were 7.21  mmHg for the squeeze test, 0.95 cm and 0.75 cm for BKFO (right) and BKFO (left) respectively.

Conclusion

The squeeze and the BKFO tests demonstrated excellent inter-tester reliability in elite academy football players, using a protocol reflective of normal clinical conditions.

RAS ID

28252

Document Type

Journal Article

Date of Publication

2018

ISSN

1466853X

Volume

34

School

School of Medical and Health Sciences

Copyright

subscription content

Publisher

Churchill Livingstone

Comments

O'Brien, J., Santner, E., & Finch, C. F. (2018). The inter-tester reliability of the squeeze and bent-knee-fall-out tests in elite academy football players. Physical Therapy in Sport, 34, 8-13. Available here

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Link to publisher version (DOI)

10.1016/j.ptsp.2018.08.004