Hybrid nanocellulose-copper (II) oxide as engine oil additives for tribological behavior improvement
Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Molecules
Volume
25
Issue
13
PubMed ID
32605301
Publisher
MDPI
School
School of Engineering
RAS ID
35202
Funders
Universiti Malaysia Pahang
Grant Number
FRGS/1/2017/TK03/UMP/02/25
Abstract
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Friction and wear are the main factors in the failure of the piston in automobile engines. The objective of this work was to improve the tribological behaviour and lubricant properties using hybrid Cellulose Nanocrystal (CNC) and Copper (II) oxide nanoparticles blended with SAE 40 as a base fluid. The two-step method was used in the hybrid nanofluid preparation. Three different concentrations were prepared in a range of 0.1% to 0.5%. Kinematic viscosity and viscosity index were also identified. The friction and wear behavior were evaluated using a tribometer based on ASTM G181. The CNC-CuO nano lubricant shows a significant improvement in term of viscosity index by 44.3-47.12% while for friction, the coefficient of friction (COF) decreases by 1.5%, respectively, during high and low-speed loads (boundary regime), and 30.95% during a high-speed, and low load (mixed regime). The wear morphologies results also show that a smoother surface was obtained after using CNC-CuO nano lubricant compared to SAE 40.
DOI
10.3390/molecules25132975
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Comments
Hisham, S., Kadirgama, K., Mohammed, H. A., Kumar, A., Ramasamy, D., Samykano, M., & Rahman, S. (2020). Hybrid Nanocellulose-Copper (II) Oxide as Engine Oil Additives for Tribological Behavior Improvement. Molecules, 25(13), 2975. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25132975