Document Type
Journal Article
Publication Title
Journal of Musculoskeletal Neuronal Interactions
ISSN
11087161
Volume
20
Issue
3
First Page
347
Last Page
371
PubMed ID
32877972
Publisher
Hylonome Publications
School
Exercise Medicine Research Institute / School of Medical and Health Sciences
RAS ID
31511
Abstract
© 2020, International Society of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions. All rights reserved. Understanding how bones are innately designed, robustly developed and delicately maintained through intricate anatomical features and physiological processes across the lifespan is vital to inform our assessment of normal bone health, and essential to aid our interpretation of adverse clinical outcomes affecting bone through primary or secondary causes. Accordingly this review serves to introduce new researchers and clinicians engaging with bone and mineral metabolism, and provide a contemporary update for established researchers or clinicians. Specifically, we describe the mechanical and non-mechanical functions of the skeleton; its multidimensional and hierarchical anatomy (macroscopic, microscopic, organic, inorganic, woven and lamellar features); its cellular and hormonal physiology (deterministic and homeostatic processes that govern and regulate bone); and processes of mechanotransduction, modelling, remodelling and degradation that underpin bone adaptation or maladaptation. In addition, we also explore commonly used methods for measuring bone metabolic activity or material features (imaging or biochemical markers) together with their limitations.
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Comments
Hart, N. H., Newton, R. U., Tan, J., Rantalainen, T., Chivers, P., Siafarikas, A., & Nimphius, S. (2020). Biological basis of bone strength: anatomy, physiology and measurement. Journal of Musculoskeletal and Neuronal Interactions, 20(3). http://www.ismni.org/jmni/index.php