Submissions from 2016
Report on the International Symposium on Suboptimal Health Status, Inner Mongolia, Jing Wu, Siqi Ge, Yuanming Pan, Xinwei Yu, Yong Zhou, Wei Wang, Kai Sun, Ruiping Zhao, and Jiang Hu
Improvement of sprint triathlon performance in trained athletes with positive swim pacing, Sam S. Wu, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Peter Peeling, Jeanick Brisswalter, Wing Y. Lau, Kazunori Nosaka, and Chris Abbiss
Fine particulate air pollution and hospital emergency room visits for respiratory disease in urban areas in Beijing, China, in 2013, Qin Xu, Xia Li, Shuo Wang, Chao Wang, Fangfang Huang, Qi Gao, Lijuan Wu, Lixin Tao, Jin Guo, Wei Wang, and Xiuhua Guo
Association of ideal cardiovascular health and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity: A cross-sectional study in Northern China, Na Yan, Yong Zhou, Youxin Wang, Anxin Wang, Xin Yang, Alyce Russell, Shouling Wu, Xingquan Zhao, and Wei Wang
Investigation of the relationship between chronic stress and insulin resistance in a Chinese population, Yuxiang Yan, Huanbo Xiao, Sisi Wang, Jing Zhao, Yan He, Wei Wang, and Jing Dong
Robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy versus open radical retropubic prostatectomy: Early outcomes from a randomised controlled phase 3 study, John W. Yaxley, Geoff D. Coughlin, Suzanne K. Chambers, Stefano Occipinti, Hema Samaratunga, Leah Zajdlewicz, Nigel T. Dunglison, Rob Carter, Scott G. Williams, Diane J. Payton, Joanna L. Perry-Keene, Martin F. Lavin, and Robert A. Gardiner
Setting research priorities to improve global newborn health and prevent stillbirths by 2025, Sachiyo Yoshida, Jose Martines, Joy E. Lawn, Stephen Wall, Joao Paulo Souza, Igor Rudan, Simon Cousens, Peter Aaby, Ishag Adam, Ramesh Kant Adhikari, Namasivayam Ambalavanan, Shams El Arifeen, Dhana Raj Aryal, Sk Asiruddin, Abdullah Baqui, Aluisio J.D. Barros, Christine S. Benn, Vineet Bhandari, Shinjini Bhatnagar, Sohinee Bhattacharya, Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Robert E. Black, Hannah Blencowe, Carl Bose, Justin Brown, Christoph Buehrer, Wally Carlo, Jose Guilherme Cecatti, Po-Yin Cheung, Robert Clark, Tim Colbourn, Agustin Conde-Agudelo, Erica Corbett, Andrew E. Czeizel, Abhik Das, Louise Tina Day, Carolyn Deal, Ashok Deorari, Ugur Dilmen, Mike English, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Caroline Fall, Donna M. Ferriero, Peter Gisore, Tabish Hazir, Rosemary D. Higgins, Caroline S.E. Homer, Dewan E. Hoque, Lorentz Irgens, Mohammad T. Islam, Joseph de Graft-Johnson, Martias Alice Joshua, William Keenan, Soofia Khatoon, Helle Kieler, Michael S. Kramer, Eve M. Lackritz, Tina Lavender, Laurensia Lawintono, Richard Luhanga, David Marsh, Douglas McMillan, Patrick J. McNamara, Ben Willem J. Mol, Elizabeth Molyneux, Gelasius K. Mukasa, Miriam Mutabazi, Luis Carlos Nacul, Margaret Nakakeeto, Indira Narayanan, Bolajoko Olusanya, David Osrin, Vinod Paul, Christian Poets, Uma M. Reddy, Mathuram Santosham, Rubayet Sayed, Natalia E. Schlabritz-Loutsevitch, Nalini Singhal, Mary Alice Smith, Peter G. Smith, Sajid Soofi, Catherine Y. Spong, Shahin Sultana, Antoinette Tshefu, Frank van Bel, Lauren Vestewig Gray, Peter Waiswa, Wei Wang, Sarah L.A. Williams, Linda Wright, Anita Zaidi, Yanfeng Zhang, Nanbert Zhong, Isabel Zuniga, and Rajiv Bahl
Effects of fundamental movement skills training on children with developmental coordination disorder, Jie Yu, Cindy Sit, Angus Burnett, Catherine Capio, Amy Ha, and Wendy Huang
Profiling IgG N-glycans as potential biomarker of chronological and biological ages: A community-based study in a Han Chinese population, Xinwei Yu, Youix Wang, Jasminka Krištić, Jing Dong, Xi Chu, Siqi Ge, Hao Wang, Honghong Fang, Qing Gao, Di Lui, Zhongya Zhao, Hongli Peng, Maja P. Baković, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Igor Rudan, Harry Campbell, Gordan Lauc, and Wei Wang
Autoantibody production in cancer—The humoral immune response toward autologous antigens in cancer patients, Pauline Zaenker, Elin Solomonovna Gray, and Melanie Ruth Ziman
The Uyghur population and genetic susceptibility to type 2 diabetes: Potential role for variants in CAPN10, APM1 and FUT6 genes, Feifei Zhao, Dolikun Mamatyusupu, Youxin Wang, Honghong Fang, Hao Wang, Qing Gao, Hao Dong, Siqi Ge, Xinwei Yu, Jie Zhang, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, and Wei Wang
Genetic model, Feifei Zhao, Manshu Song, Youxin Wang, and Wei Wang
Subjective memory complaints in APOE e4 carriers are associated with high Amyloid-ß Burden, Marissa D. Zwan, Victor L. Villemagne, Vincent Dore, Rachel Buckley, Pierrick Bourgeat, Robyn Veljanoski, Olivier Salvado, Rob Williams, Laura Margison, Alan Rembach, Lance S. Macaulay, Ralph Martins, David Ames, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Kathryn A. Ellis, Philip Scheltens, Colin L. Masters, Christopher C. Rowe, and AIBL study
Submissions from 2015
It takes a special kind of cyclist to win the Tour de France, Chris Abbiss and Paolo Menaspà
Off the mark: timing is everything in Tour de France sprints, Chris Abbiss and Paolo Menaspà
Role of ratings of perceived exertion during self-paced exercise: What are we actually measuring?, Chris Abbiss, J.J. Peiffer, R. Meeusen, and S. Skorski
Elbow flexor fatigue modulates central excitability of the knee extensors, Saied J. Aboodarda, David B. Copithorne, Kevin E. Power, Eric Drinkwater, and David G. Behm
Longitudinal Cognitive Decline In The AIBL Cohort: The Role Of APOE ε4 Status, Matthew A. Albrecht, Cassandra Szoeke, P. Maruff, Greg Savage, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, K. A. Ellis, Kevin Taddel, Ralph Martins, Colin L. Masters, David Ames, and Jonathan K. Foster
The influence of intimate partnerships on nurse student progression: An integrative literature review, Lesley Andrew, S.E. Maslin-Prothero, Leesa Costello, Julie Dare, and Ken Robinson
Community participation interventions for children and adolescents with a neurodevelopmental intellectual disability: A systematic review, J. Andrews, M. Falkmer, and S. Girdler
A Comparison of Invasive Airway Management and Rates of Pneumonia in Prehospital and Hospital Settings, Douglas L. Andrusiek, Danny Szydlo, Susanne May, Karen J. Brasel, Joseph Minei, Rardi van Heest, Russell MacDonald, and Martin Schreiber
Measuring care needs of parents of children with cancer: Psychometric properties of the FIN-PED II Arabic version, Diana Arabiat, Ayman Hamdan-Mansour, and Lina Wardam
Study protocol: Missing voices – communication difficulties after stroke and traumatic brain injury in Aboriginal Australians, Elizabeth Armstrong, Deborah Hersh, Judith M. Katzenellenbogen, Juli Coffin, Sandra C. Thompson, Natalie Ciccone, Colleen Hayward, Leon Flicker, Deborah Woods, and Meaghan McAllister
Communication disorders after stroke in Aboriginal Australians, Elizabeth M. Armstrong, Deborah J. Hersh, Colleen P. Hayward, and Joan B. Fraser
Long-term survival outcomes for men who provided ejaculate specimens for prostate cancer research: Implications for patient management, Darius Ashrafi, Peter Baade, John Yaxley, Matthew J. Roberts, Scott Williams, and Robert A. Gardiner
Testosterone Replacement Therapy In Older Male Subjective Memory Complainers: Double-blind Randomized Crossover Placebo-controlled Clinical Trial Of Physiological Assessment And Safety, Prita R. Asih, Eka J. Wahjoepramono, Vilia Aniwiyanti, Linda K. Wijaya, Karl De Ruyck, Kevin Taddei, Stephanie J. Fuller, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Satvinder S. Dhaliwal, Giuseppe Verdile, Malcolm Carruthers, and Ralph Martins
A Unified Hypothesis of Early- and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis, Craig Atwood and Richard L. Bowen
The endocrine dyscrasia that accompanies menopause and andropause induces aberrant cell cycle signaling that triggers re-entry of post-mitotic neurons into the cell cycle, neurodysfunction, neurodegeneration and cognitive disease, Craig S. Atwood and Richard L. Bowen
Normative data for maximal aerobic speed for field sport athletes: A brief review, Dan Baker and Nathan Heaney
Effect of 8 days of a hypergravity condition on the sprinting speed and lower-body power of elite rugby players, Matthew J. Barr, Tim J. Gabbett, Robert U. Newton, and Jeremy M. Sheppard
The effect of ball carrying on the sprinting speed of international rugby union players, Matthew J. Barr, Jeremy M. Sheppard, Tim J. Gabbett, and Robert U. Newton
Mechanisms Contributing To Differential Regulation of PAX3 Downstream Target Genes in Normal Human Epidermal Melanocytes Versus Melanoma Cells, Danielle Bartlett, Glen M. Boyle, Mel Ziman, and Sandra Medic
Risk factors in adolescents’ involvement in violent behaviours, Sarah Baxendale, L. Lester, Robyn Johnston, and Donna Cross
Emotion regulation and residual depression predict psychosocial functioning in bipolar disorder: Preliminary study, Rodrigo Becerra, Kate Cruise, Craig Harms, Alfred Allan, Darryl Bassett, Sean Hood, and Greg Murray
Consanguinity and pregnancy outcomes in a multi-ethnic, metropolitan European population, Rolf Becker, Thomas Keller, Rolf-Dieter Wegner, Heidemarie Neitzel, Markus Stumm, Ute Knoll, Markus Stärk, Heiner Fangerau, and Alan Bittles
Exploring the professional issue of group B streptococcus screening in pregnancy, Sharna Bicheno and Sadie Geraghty
The prevalence and outcomes of consanguineous marriage in contemporary societies, Alan H. Bittles
Ischemic Stroke: From Next Generation Sequencing and GWAS to Community Genomics?, M. Black, Wenzhi Wang, and Wei Wang
Pre-adolescent and adolescent (13-18 years), Kelly Bobridge and Therese O'Sullivan
Can combined aerobic and muscle strength training improve aerobic fitness, muscle strength, function and quality of life in people with spinal cord injury? A systematic review, V. Bochkezanian, J. Raymond, C.Q. De Oliveria, and G.M. Davis
Comparison of MR-less PiB SUVR quantification methods, Pierrick Bourgeat, Victor Villemagne, Vincent Dore, Belinda M. Brown, S Lance Macaulay, Ralph N. Martins, Colin Masters, David Ames, Kathryn Ellis, Christopher Rowe, Olivier Salvado, and Jurgen Fripp
A clinical study of lupron depot in the treatment of women with Alzheimer's disease: Preservation of cognitive function in patients taking an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor and treated with high dose lupron over 48 weeks, R.L. Bowen, G. Perry, C. Xiong, M.A. Smith, and Craig S. Atwood
Authors' Response, Alexandra P. Bremner, Therese A. O'Sullivan, Wendy H. Oddy, Jill L. Sherriff, Oyekoya T. Ayonrinde, John K. Olynyk, Lawrence J. Beilin, Trevor A. Mori, and Leon A. Adams
Phenomenological Characterization Of Memory Complaints In Preclinical And Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease, Rachel F. Buckley, K. A. Ellis, David Ames, Christopher C. Rowe, Nicola T. Lautenschlager, P. Maruff, Victor L. Villemagne, S. L. MacAulay, Cassandra E. Szoeke, Ralph Martins, Colin L. Masters, Greg R. Savage, Stephanie Rainey-Smith, Alan R. Rembach, and Michael M. Saling
Self and informant memory concerns align in healthy memory complainers and in early stages of mild cognitive impairment but separate with increasing cognitive impairment, Rachel Buckley, Michael Saling, Kathryn Ellis, Chris Rowe, Paul Maruff, Lance S. Macaulay, Ralph Martins, Alan Rembach, and David Ames
The effect, moderators, and mediators of resistance and aerobic exercise on health-related quality of life in older long-term survivors of prostate cancer, Laurien M. Buffart, Robert U. Newton, Mai J. Chinapaw, Dennis R. Taafe, Nigel A. Spry, James W. Denham, David J. Joseph, David S. Lamb, Johannes Brug, and Daniel A. Galvao
Novel Statistically-Derived Composite Measures for Assessing The Efficacy of Disease-Modifying Therapies In Prodromal Alzheimer's Disease Trials: An AIBL Study, Samantha C. Burnham, Nandini Raghavan, William Wilson, David Baker, Michael T. Ropacki, Gerald P. Novak, David J. Ames, K. A. Ellis, Ralph Martins, P. Maruff, C. L. Masters, Gary Romano, Christopher c. Rowe, Greg R. Savage, Stuart L. Macaulay, and Vaibhav A. Narayan
Integrative physiological and behavioural responses to sudden cold-water immersion are similar in skilled and less-skilled swimmers, Chris Button, James L. Croft, James D. Cotter, Matthew J. Graham, and Samuel J.E. Lucas
Heat stress: A risk factor for skin carcinogenesis, Leslie Calapre
The impact of a rolling start on the sprint velocity and acceleration kinematics of a quick single in regional first grade cricketers, Samuel J. Callaghan, Matthew D. Jeffriess, Shannon L. Mackie, Farzad Jalilvand, and Robert G. Lockie
Kinematics of faster acceleration performance of the quick single in experienced cricketers, Samuel J. Callaghan, Robert G. Lockie, Matthew D. Jeffriess, and Sophia Nimphius
Investigation of the relationship between low environmental exposure to metals and bone mineral density, bone resorption and renal function, A.C. Callan, A. Devine, L. Qi, J.C. Ng, and A.L. Hinwood
Periodization Model for Costa Rican Taekwondo Athletes, Pedro Carazo-Vargas, José M. González-Ravé, Robert U. Newton, and José Moncada-Jiménez
Evolution of testosterone treatment over 25 years: symptom responses, endocrine profiles and cardiovascular changes, Malcolm Carruthers, Paul Cathcart, and Mark R. Feneley
Advancing prostate cancer survivorship research in Australia, Suzanne K. Chambers, Paul A. Scuffham, Peter D. Baade, Anthony P. Lowe, Jeff Dunn, Daniel A. Galvão, Louisa Gordon, David P. Smith, David F. Sandoe, Addie C. Wootten, Nigel A. Spry, Robert A. Gardiner, Ian D. Davis, and Robert Newton
Lean body mass associated with upper body strength in healthy older adults while higher body fat limits lower extremity performance and endurance, Karen Charlton, Marijka Batterham, Kelly Langford, Jenna Lateo, Erin Brock, Karen Walton, Philipa Lyons-Wall, Katie Eisenhauer, Nick Green, and Cameron McLean
Decreased Platelet APP Isoform Ratios in Autosomal Dominant Alzheimer's Disease: Baseline Data from a DIAN Cohort Subset, Pratishtha Chatterjee, Veer B. Veer, Anne Fagan, Mateusz S. Jasielec, Chengjie Xiong, Hamid R. Sohrabi, Satvinder Dhaliwal, Kevin Taddei, Pierrick Bourgeat, Belinda M. Brown, Tammie Benzinger, Randall Bateman, John Morris, and Ralph Martins
Prognostic serum miRNA biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease shows concordance with neuropsychological and neuroimaging assessment, L Cheng, J D. Doecke, R A. Sharples, V L. Villemagne, C J. Fowler, A Rembach, Ralph N. Martins, C C. Rowe, S L. Macaulay, C L. Masters, and A F. Hill
Statewide hepatitis C model of care for rural and remote regions, W. Cheng, S. Nazareth, and J.P. Flexman
Consanguinity and the developmental origins of health and disease, James S. Chisholm and Alan H. Bittles
'What women want': Using image theory to develop expectations of maternity care framework, K. Clark, Shelley Beatty, and T. Reibel
Maternity care: A narrative overview of what women expect across their care continuum, Kim Clark, Shelley Beatty, and Tracey Reibel
Evolution and Prenatal Development: An Evolutionary Perspective, David A. Coall, Anna C. Callan, Thomas E. Dickins, and James S. Chisholm
Novel nut and bolt task quantifies motor deficits in premanifest and manifest Huntington’s disease, Lucy M. Collins, Faye Begeti, Francesca Panin, Alpar S. Lazar, Travis M. Cruickshank, Mel R. Ziman Dr, Sarah L. Mason, and Roger A. Barker
Effect of knee and trunk angle on kinetic variables during the isometric midthigh pull: Test-retest reliability, P. Comfort, P.A. Jones, J.J. McMahon, and Robert Newton
Application of session rating of perceived exertion among different models of resistance training in older adults, Jennifer Conlon, Greg Haff, James J. Tufano, and Robert Newton
A comparison of two gluteus maximus EMG maximum voluntary isometric contraction positions, Bret Contreras, Andrew D. Vigotsky, Chris Beardsley, and John B. Cronin
A comparison of gluteus maximus, biceps femoris, and vastus lateralis electromyographic activity in the back squat and barbell hip thrust exercises, Bret Contreras, Andrew D. Vigotsky, Brad J. Schoenfeld, Chris Beardsley, and John B. Cronin
Preliminary efficacy and feasibility of embedding high intensity interval training into the school day: A pilot randomized controlled trial, S. A. Costigan, N. Eather, R. C. Plotnikoff, Dennis Taaffe, E. Pollock, S. G. Kennedy, and D. R. Lubans
High-intensity interval training for improving health-related fitness in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis, S. A. Costigan, N. Eather, R. C. Plotnikoff, D. R. Taaffe, and D. R. Lubans
Influence of anthropometric and upper body strength qualities on surfboard paddling kinematics, Joseph Coyne
Reliability of pull up and dip maximal strength tests, Joseph O.C. Coyne, Tai T. Tran, Josh L. Secomb, Lina Lundgren, Oliver R.L. Farley, Robert U. Newton, and Jeremy Sheppard
Diet, Nutrients and Metabolism: Cogs In The Wheel Driving Alzheimer's Disease Pathology?, Rhona Creegan, Wendy Hunt, Alexandra McManus, and Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith
Interacting Factors Associated With Adult Male Drowning In New Zealand, James L. Croft and Chris Button
A longitudinal study of the social and emotional predictors and consequences of cyber and traditional bullying victimisation, D. Cross, L. Lester, and A. Barnes
Pravention von Cybermobbing, Donna Cross and Amy Barnes
A social-ecological framework for understanding and reducing cyberbullying behaviours, Donna Cross, Amy Barnes, Alana Papageorgiou, Kate Hadwen, Lydia Hearn, and Leanne Lester
If it's about me, why do it without me? Genuine student engagement in school cyberbullying education, Donna S. Cross Prof, Leanne Lester, Amy Barnes, Patricia Cardoso, and Kate Hadwen
Evaluation de la capacite des personnels scolaires australiens a identifier et prendre en charge les problemes de cyberharcelement, Donna S. Cross Prof, Theresa Shaw, Amy Barnes, Helen E. Monks, Natasha Pearce, and Melanie Epstein
Mechanical properties of sprinting in elite rugby union and rugby league, Matt R. Cross, Matt Brughelli, Scott R. Brown, Pierre Samozino, Nicholas D. Gill, John B. Cronin, and Jean-Benoît Morin
The clinical utility of multidisciplinary rehabilitation in individuals with Huntington’s Disease, Travis Miles Cruickshank
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Strength Training in Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis or Parkinson Disease, Travis M. Cruickshank, Alvaro R. Reyes, and Melanie R. Ziman
The effect of multidisciplinary rehabilitation on brain structure and cognition in Huntington's disease: An exploratory study, Travis M. Cruickshank, Jennifer A. Thompson, Juan F. Dominguez D, Alvaro P. Reyes, Mike Bynevelt, Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis, Roger A. Barker, and Mel R. Ziman
Older people and substance use: Scoping the use of the ASSIST screening tool, Lynette Cusack, Janet Kelly, Jennifer Harland, Celia Wilkinson, Mette Groenkjaer, Linda Gowing, and Nancy Whitaker
An Appeal to the Global Health Community for a Tripartite Innovation: An "essential Diagnostics List," "health in All Policies," and "see-Through 21st Century Science and Ethics", E.S. Dove, O. Barlas, K. Birch, C. Boehme, A. Borda-Rodriguez, W.M. Byne, F. Chaverneff, Y. Coskun, M.-L. Dahl, T. Dereli, S. Diwakar, L. Elbeyli, L. Endrenyi, B. Eroʇlu-Kesim, L.R. Ferguson, K. Gungor, U. Gursoy, F. Hekim, F. Huzair, K. Kaushik, I. Kickbusch, O. Klroʇlu, E. Kolker, E. Kononen, B. Lin, A. Llerena, F. Malhan, B. Nair, G.P. Patrinos, S. Sardas, O. Sert, S. Srivastava, L.M.G. Steuten, C. Toraman, E. Vayena, Wei Wang, L. Warnich, and V. Ozdemir
Can you bounce your way to success? A comparison of winner and losing boxers in Australia, Emily C. Dunn, C E. Humberstone, Fiona Iredale, D T. Martin, and Anthony Blazevich
Effects of tournament judo on haemoglobin and protein in the urine, Emily C. Dunn, D T. Martin, C E. Humberstone, Carmel Maloney, Anthony Blazevich, and Fiona Iredale
Inhomogeneous Quadriceps Femoris Hypertrophy in Response to Strength and Power Training, Jacob E. Earp, Robert U. Newton, Prue Cormie, and Anthony J. Blazevich
Neuromuscular adaptations to different modes of combined strength and endurance training, D Eklund, T Pulverenti, S Bankers, J Avela, Rob Newton, M Schumann, and K Häkkinen
Tracking 6 Weeks of training/surfing sessions of adolescent competitive surfers: Just what are these young surfers up to?, Oliver Farley, Josh Secomb, Joanna R. Parsonage, Lina Lundgren, Chris Abbiss, and Jeremry Sheppard
The Role Of Dietary Coconut for the Prevention and Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease: Potential Mechanisms of Action, W. M. A. D. B. Fernando, Ian J. Martins, K. G. Goozee, Charles S. Brennan, V. Jayasena, and R. N. Martins
Ribosome biogenesis adaptation in resistance training-induced human skeletal muscle hypertrophy, V.C. Figueiredo, M.K. Caldow, V. Massie, J.F. Markworth, D. Cameron-Smith, and A.J. Blazevich
Circulating tumor cells as biomarkers in cancer, J. Freeman, E.S. Gray, and M. Ziman
Pre-Altitude Serum Ferritin Levels and Daily Oral Iron Supplement Dose Mediate Iron Parameter and Hemoglobin Mass Responses to Altitude Exposure, Daniel A. Galvao; Laura A. Garvican-Lewis,; Chris R. Abbiss; Peter Peeling; and Christopher J. Gore
Effect of different interrepetition rest periods on barbell velocity loss during the ballistic bench press exercise, Amador García-Ramos, Paulino Padial, Gregory G. Haff, Javier Argüelles-Cienfuegos, Miguel García-Ramos, Javier Conde-Pipó, and Belén Feriche
Dietary patterns and cognitive decline in an Australian study of ageing, Samantha L. Gardener, Stephanie R. Rainey-Smith, M B. Barnes, Hamid R. Sohrabi, M Weinborn, Y Y. Lim, K Harrington, K Taddei, Y Gu, A Rembach, C Szoeke, K A. Ellis, C L. Masters, S L. Macaulay, C C. Rowe, D Ames, J B. Keogh, N Scarmeas, and Ralph N. Martins