Date of Award

1999

Document Type

Thesis

Publisher

Edith Cowan University

Degree Name

Bachelor of Arts Honours

Faculty

Faculty of Community Services, Education and Social Sciences

First Supervisor

Greg Dear

Abstract

This article reviews 23 studies post 1985 that measure therapeutic factors. In particular, the current review investigates whether research post 1985 has addressed the specific areas identified by Bloch and Crouch, ( 1985) and Butler and Fuhriman (1983) as needing further investigation. Areas of study under investigation are (i) behavioral evidence for therapeutic factors. (ii) the relationship between therapeutic factors and treatment outcome, (iii) the relationship between therapeutic factors and individual differences, (iv) the association between therapeutic factors conditions of change and techniques. Studies reviewed were categorized into Inpatient and Outpatient settings. Only one study used observational methods, with the remaining studies using self-report questionnaires. Yalom's 60-item questionnaire, Yalom's Q-sort, (or modifications of these tests), and Bloch et al's, Critical Incident Questionnaire were the most commonly used instruments. The majority of studies focused on therapeutic factors and group differences. There was to a lesser degree research carried out in the area of therapeutic factors and treatment outcome, and the association of therapeutic factors and group development. Several studies used assessment scales to identify individual differences. There was a noted absence of observed behaviors associated with therapeutic factors. Whilst any examination of observed behaviors associated with therapeutic factors was limited.

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